Today I’m discussing a monster new to me. I was watching one
of my favorite shows the other morning, Supernatural, and the boys had to
confront something called a Rugaroo. I immediately jumped onto Google to
investigate this scary, intriguing creature. Here's what I found out.
The term Roogaroo, Rugaroo, Ruggaroo, Roux-Ga-Roux (among other spellings)
probably stems from the French word "loup garou" for werewolf.
According to Barry Jean Ancelet, an academic expert on Cajun folklore and
professor at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, the tale of the rougarou
is a common legend across French Louisiana. Both words are used interchangeably
in southern Louisiana. Some people call the monster rougarou; others refer to
it as the loup garou. However, the Rugaroo is NOT just a werewolf. It has
similar but different characteristics. For one, it can shape-shift at will (not
just full moons) and not only into a wolf form. It can take on the shape of any
animal--even human.
The rougarou legend has been spread for many generations,
either directly from French settlers to Louisiana (New France) or via the
French Canadian immigrants centuries ago.
In the Cajun legend, the creature supposedly prowls the swamps around Acadiana
and Greater New Orleans, and possibly the fields or forests of the regions. The
rougarou is usually described as a creature with a human body and the head of a
wolf or dog, similar to the werewolf legend.
As with fairytales, it is believed that often the story-telling was used to
instill fear. Supposedly, elders used the stories to persuade Cajun children to
behave. Another example relates that the wolf-like beast will hunt down and
kill Catholics who do not follow the rules of Lent. This coincides with the French
Catholic loup garou stories, where the method for turning into a werewolf was
to break Lent seven years in a row.
A common blood sucking legend speculated that the rougarou was under the spell
for 101 days. After that time, the curse was transferred from person to person
when the rougarou drew another human’s blood. During the day the creature
returned to human form. Although feeling sickly, the person refused to tell
others for fear of being killed.
Other stories range from the rougarou as a headless horseman
to the rougarou derived from witchcraft. In the latter claim, only a witch
could make a rougarou - either by turning themselves into wolves or cursing
others with lycanthropy.
As with legends passed by oral tradition, stories often contradict one another.
The stories of the wendigo vary by tribe and region, but the most common cause
of the change is typically related to cannibalism.
A modified example, not in the original wendigo legends, is that if a person
saw a rugaru, they would be transformed into one. Thereafter, they would be
doomed to wander as a rugaru. That story bears some resemblance to a Native
American version of the wendigo legend related in a short story by Algernon
Blackwood. In Blackwood's fictional adaptation of the legend, seeing a wendigo
caused one to turn into a wendigo.
According to The American Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 134, No. 10. published in
October 1977: "Lycanthropy, a psychosis in which the patient has
delusions of being a wild animal (usually a wolf), has been recorded since
antiquity. The Book of Daniel describes King Nebuchadnezzar as suffering from
depression that deteriorated over a seven-year period into a frank psychosis at
which time he imagined himself a wolf. Among the first medical descriptions
were those of Paulus Aegineta during the later days of the Roman Empire. In his
description of the symptom complex, Aegineta made reference to Greek mythology
in which Zeus turned King Lycaon of Arcadia into a raging wolf.
Folk-etymology links the word to Lycaon, a king of Arcadia
who, according to Ovid's Metamorphoses, was turned into a ravenous wolf in
retribution for attempting to serve human flesh (his own son) to visiting Zeus
in an attempt to disprove the god's divinity.
There is also a mental illness called lycanthropy in which a patient believes
he or she is, or has transformed into, an animal and behaves accordingly. This
is sometimes referred to as clinical lycanthropy to distinguish it from its use
in legends.
While the wolf is the most common form of were-animal, in the north the bear is
common in legends. In ancient Greece the dog was associated with the belief and
today the were-boar variant is known through Greece and Turkey.
Even if when the term lycanthropy is limited to the wolf-metamorphosis of
living human beings, the beliefs classed together under this head are far from
uniform. The transformation may be temporary or permanent; the were-animal may
be a metamorphosed person, or maybe a double whose activity leaves the real
person unchanged. It could be a soul seeking to devour while leaving its body
in a state of trance. Or perchance a messenger of a human being, a real animal
or familiar spirit, whose connection with its owner is demonstrated through injury,
by a phenomenon known as repercussion, to cause a corresponding injury to the
human being.
Lycanthropy is often confused with transmigration; but the
essential feature of the were-animal is that it is the double of a living human
being, while the soul-animal is the vehicle, temporary or permanent, of the
spirit of a dead human being. Nevertheless, instances in legend of humans
reincarnated as wolves are often classed with lycanthropy, as well as these instances
being labeled werewolves in local folklore.
Many Native cultures feature skin-walkers or a similar concept, wherein a
shaman or warrior may, according to cultural tradition, take on an animal form.
Animal forms can vary according to cultures and local species (including bears
and wolves or coyotes). Skinwalkers tend to be totemic.
Author Peter Matthiessen determined that rugaru is a separate legend from that
of the cannibal-like giant wendigo. While the wendigo was feared, he noted that
the rugaru was seen as sacred and in tune with Mother Earth, in the same
character of the bigfoot legends of today.
The Rugaroo can vary from a mild Big-foot-type creature to cannibalistic Native
American Wendigos. While the lore of the cannibalistic Wendigos is prevalent
throughout the Algonquian-speaking tribes in the northern US and Canada, the
Rugaroo legend comes mostly from the Ojibwe and Chippewa tribes where is it
considered sacred and in touch with Mother Earth, much like the Big-Foot is
considered today.